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Guillaume Apollinaire (1880 - 1918)
Guillaume Apollinaire (1880 - 1918)

Guillaume Apollinaire was the pseudonym of Wilhem Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky (Rome 1880 - Paris 9 November 1918), French poet and art critic. 
Born in Rome, he lived first in Monaco then in Paris with his mother. He was then employed as a private tutor in the Rhineland. When Apollinaire returned to Paris, he mixed in the artistic circles of the time and became friends with Picasso, Max Jacob, Derain, Le Douanier-Rousseau etc. Often unlucky in love, he had an affair with Marie Laurencin who was introduced to him by Picasso with whom he would always have a special relationship. Apollinaire, who coined the term "surrealism", achieved success in 1913 with the publication of a volume entitled "Alcools" (Alcohols). In 1914, he was drafted into the French artillery and received shrapnel wounds to the head. On 15 April 1918 his collection of poems "Calligrammes" was published and on 9 November of the same year this great poet died of Spanish influenza, aged 38 years old.
14-518935
Ouvrié Pierre Justin (1806-1879)
Paris, musée du Louvre
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